Physics Calculators
Newton's second law, acceleration, kinetic energy, density, free fall and projectile motion — in metric and US units, with standard gravity and the formulas shown.
76 calculators · A–Z of all calculators
- Force CalculatorForce, mass or acceleration with F = ma.
- Friction CalculatorStatic and kinetic friction force.
- Centripetal Force CalculatorForce and acceleration in circular motion.
- Acceleration CalculatorAcceleration from a change in speed over time.
- Kinetic Energy CalculatorKinetic energy from mass and speed.
- Density CalculatorDensity, mass or volume from the other two.
- Buoyancy CalculatorBuoyant force by Archimedes’ principle.
- Free Fall CalculatorFall time and impact speed from a height.
- Terminal Velocity CalculatorFalling speed with air drag.
- Projectile Motion CalculatorRange, height and flight time of a launch.
- Kinematics CalculatorSolve s, u, v, a, t for constant acceleration.
- Specific Heat CalculatorHeat to warm or cool: Q = mcΔT.
- Speed of Sound CalculatorSpeed of sound in air by temperature.
- Decibel CalculatorAdd dB, distance loss and safe noise time.
- Speed CalculatorSpeed, distance or time from the other two.
- Potential Energy CalculatorGravitational potential energy, mgh.
- Hooke’s Law CalculatorSpring force, spring constant and energy.
- Momentum CalculatorMomentum from mass and velocity.
- Collision CalculatorElastic and inelastic collisions.
- Pressure CalculatorPressure from force and area.
- Wavelength CalculatorWavelength, frequency and photon energy.
- Doppler Effect CalculatorFrequency heard from a moving source.
- Snell’s Law CalculatorRefraction angle and critical angle.
- Thin Lens CalculatorFocal length, image distance and magnification.
- Time Dilation CalculatorLorentz factor and relativistic time.
- Work and Power CalculatorWork from force and distance, and power.
- Torque CalculatorTorque from force, lever arm and angle.
- Half-Life CalculatorAmount remaining after decay, or the half-life.
- Gravitational Force CalculatorNewton's law of gravitation between two masses.
- Coulomb’s Law CalculatorForce between two electric charges.
- Magnetic Field of a Wire CalculatorField around a straight wire.
- Weight on Other Planets CalculatorYour weight on the Moon, Mars and beyond.
- Escape Velocity CalculatorEscape speed for planets and moons.
- Orbital Period CalculatorSatellite orbit speed and period.
- Pendulum CalculatorPeriod and length of a simple pendulum.
- E = mc² CalculatorMass to energy in joules, kWh, MeV and TNT.
- Moment of Inertia CalculatorRod, disk, sphere, hoop or plate, with parallel axis.
- Angular Velocity CalculatorRPM to rad/s, rim speed and centripetal acceleration.
- Reynolds Number CalculatorLaminar or turbulent pipe flow, water and air presets.
- Rocket Equation Calculator (Tsiolkovsky)Delta-v from Isp and mass ratio, or propellant.
- Thermal Expansion CalculatorHow much steel, concrete or a liquid grows with heat.
- Stress, Strain and Young's Modulus CalculatorStress, strain, stretch under load, or the modulus.
- De Broglie Wavelength Calculatorλ = h/p for an electron, proton or any object.
- Blackbody Radiation CalculatorRadiated power, peak wavelength and temperature (Stefan–Boltzmann, Wien).
- Bernoulli Equation CalculatorPressure, speed or height between two points of a flow, plus Torricelli.
- Heat Conduction CalculatorHeat flow through a wall or slab, layered walls and R-values.
- Latent Heat CalculatorHeat to melt, freeze, boil or condense, and the whole ice-to-steam curve.
- Photoelectric Effect CalculatorPhoton energy, electron energy, stopping potential and cut-off for light on a metal.
- Mirror Equation CalculatorConcave and convex mirrors: focal length, image distance and magnification.
- Inclined Plane CalculatorA block on a ramp: acceleration, friction, angle of repose and the force to push it up.
- Newton’s Law of Cooling CalculatorTemperature after a time, time to reach a temperature, and the cooling constant k.
- Carnot Efficiency CalculatorBest efficiency of a heat engine between two temperatures, and the Carnot COP of a refrigerator or heat pump.
- Standing Wave CalculatorHarmonics of a string or an open or closed pipe: frequency, length, wave speed and tension.
- Entropy Change CalculatorEntropy change of heating, melting, gases and mixing, with the second-law check.
- Adiabatic Process CalculatorFinal pressure, volume, temperature, work and heat of an ideal gas in adiabatic, isothermal, isobaric and isochoric processes.
- Angular Momentum CalculatorL = Iω, a particle, conservation when the moment of inertia changes, and torque over time.
- Electric Field CalculatorField and potential of point charges, force on a test charge, and the field between plates.
- Machining Speeds and Feeds CalculatorSpindle RPM, feed rate and removal rate from SFM.
- Radiation Dose CalculatorAdd X-rays, CT scans, flights and background; compare the total.
- Earthquake Energy CalculatorMagnitude to joules, TNT and kWh; compare two quakes.
- Wind Turbine Power CalculatorWatts and yearly kWh from rotor size and wind speed.
- Sheet Metal Bend Allowance CalculatorBend allowance, bend deduction, setback and flat length from K-factor.
- Tap Drill Size CalculatorTap drill for UNC, UNF and metric threads, with percent of thread.
- Beam Deflection CalculatorReactions, moment, stress and deflection of a simple beam or cantilever.
- Bolt Torque CalculatorTightening torque from T = K x D x F for SAE and metric bolts.
- Bolt Circle & Hole Pattern CalculatorX and Y of every hole on a bolt circle or in a row.
- Schwarzschild Radius CalculatorEvent horizon size from any mass, plus photon sphere and clock slowing.
- Drake Equation CalculatorAlien civilizations in the Milky Way, from single values or ranges.
- Redshift and Hubble’s Law CalculatorRedshift z, recession speed and distance with an editable H0.
- Gear Ratio CalculatorGear train ratio, output rpm and torque with losses.
- Pulley System CalculatorMechanical advantage, pull force and rope length with friction.
- Star Magnitude CalculatorBrightness ratios, distance modulus, luminosity and telescope limit.
- Sling Angle CalculatorTension in each sling leg by angle from horizontal, capacity at an angle and the 30 degree minimum.
- Sound Distance CalculatorNoise level at a distance from several sources, or the distance needed to reach a target level.
- Altitude Pressure and Boiling Point CalculatorAir pressure, oxygen and the boiling point of water at any elevation.
- Prism Diopter CalculatorPrism, degrees, shift and Prentice’s rule.